pidgin language definition human geography

Since 1500 AD, most of the significant maritime trade languages have either been those of European colonial powers (French, English, Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish, German), Malay, or Arabic. They are often a hodge-podge of different local languages and one or more trade languages. Pidgins are thrown together quickly and, as a result, start with a small, functional vocabulary and simple grammar with flexible rules. Many creoles start as pidgins, trade languages invented to facilitate communication between groups who want to buy and sell products from each other and have no language in common. Here are the steps in the creolization of language:ġ. In the linguistic sense, creolization is the process of native language creation by mixing two or more languages: the grammar of a vernacular language and the lexicon (vocabulary) of a trade language, particularly a language brought by Europeans in the process of colonialism. Evangelical religion: Religion in which an effort is made to spread a particular belief system.Ĭheck out the rest of our AP Human Geography Unit 3 Notes.Creolization: In its broadest sense, a process of cultural mixture referring specifically to the adoption of African, European, and Indigenous traits in language, religion, food, and identity in the Greater Caribbean area since the 1500s AD.Ethnocentrism: An evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions of one’s own cultural standards and traditions.Ethnicity: Refers to a group of people who share a common identity.

Ethnic religion: Religion that is identified with a particular ethnic or tribal group and that does not seek new converts.

Ethnic neighborhood: An area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background.

Ethnic cleansing: The systematic attempt to remove all people of a particular ethnicity from a country or region either by forced migration or genocide.

Esperanto: A constructed international auxiliary language incorporating aspects of numerous linguistic traditions to create a universal means of communication.

Environmental determinism: A doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions.

Ecumene: The proportion of the earth inhabited by humans.

Diaspora: People who come from a common ethnic background but who live in different regions outside of the home of their ethnicity.

Dialects: Geographically distinct versions of a single language that vary somewhat from the parent form.

Denomination: A particular religious group, usually associated with differing Protestant belief systems.

Customs: Practices followed by the people of a particular cultural group.

Culture: A total way of life held in common by a group of people, including learned features such as language, ideology, behavior, technology, and government.

Cultural traits: The specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture.

Cultural relativism: Understanding a culture on its own terms rather than judging it by the standards or customs of one’s own culture.

Cultural imperialism: The dominance of one culture over another.

Cultural hearths: Locations on the earth’s surface where specific cultures first arose.

Cultural geography: The subfield of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space.Cultural extinction: Obliteration of an entire culture by war, disease, acculturation, or a combination of the three.Cultural complex: The group of traits that define a particular culture.Creole: A pidgin language that evolves to the point at which it becomes the primary language of the people who speak it.The three major categories of Christianity are Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox. Christianity is a monotheistic, universal religion that uses missionaries to expand its members worldwide. Christianity: The world’s most widespread religion.After many lives of good karma, they may be relieved from the cycle of life and win their place in heaven. Individuals may improve the position they inherit in the caste system in their next life through their actions, or karma. Caste system: System in India that gives every Indian a particular place in the social hierarchy from birth.

Buddhism: System of belief that seeks to explain ultimate realities for all people-such as the nature of suffering and the path toward self-realization.

Artifact: Any item that represents a material aspect of culture.

Animism: Most prevalent in Africa and the Americas, doctrine in which the world is seen as being infused with spiritual and even supernatural powers.

Acculturation: The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another.

Pidgin language definition human geography